What is RIRS (Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery)?

RIRS (Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery) is an advanced minimally invasive laser procedure used to remove kidney stones without any external incision. Using a flexible ureteroscope and a holmium laser, the stones are precisely fragmented and flushed out through natural urinary passageways.
Performed by Dr. Swapnil Gholap, an expert urologist in Chembur, Mumbai, this technique ensures quick recovery, minimal pain, and excellent outcomes — making it one of the safest and most effective treatments for kidney stones.

Why RIRS is Performed

RIRS is recommended for patients with:

• Kidney stones less than 2 cm in size

• Stones located deep inside the kidney or upper ureter

• Stones resistant to shock wave (ESWL) or medical treatment

• Recurrent or residual stones after previous procedures

• Patients who are unfit for open or PCNL surgery

It’s also ideal for individuals who prefer scar-free and faster recovery options.

Causes of Kidney Stones

Kidney stones form when minerals and salts in urine crystallize. Common causes include:

• Low water intake leading to concentrated urine

• High intake of sodium, calcium, or oxalate-rich foods

• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

• Obesity or metabolic disorders

• Family history of kidney stones

• Certain medications or supplements that alter mineral balance

Symptoms of Kidney Stones

Patients requiring RIRS often experience:

• Sharp pain in the lower back, side, or abdomen

• Burning or pain while urinating

• Blood in urine (hematuria)

• Nausea, vomiting, or fever (if infection is present)

• Frequent or urgent urination

• Difficulty passing urine due to blockage

The RIRS Procedure

Step 1: Anesthesia & Preparation
RIRS is performed under general or spinal anesthesia. The patient lies comfortably while the surgeon gains access through the natural urinary tract.

Step 2: Insertion of Flexible Ureteroscope
A thin, flexible scope is gently passed through the urethra and bladder into the ureter and kidney.

Step 3: Laser Fragmentation
Using a holmium laser, the kidney stones are precisely fragmented into fine particles or dust.

Step 4: Stone Clearance & Stenting
Tiny fragments are either removed or naturally passed in urine. A temporary stent may be placed to aid healing and drainage.

Step 5: Recovery
The procedure usually takes 60–90 minutes, and patients can often go home the next day.

Benefits of RIRS with Laser Stone Removal

• No external cuts or scars

• Minimal blood loss and postoperative pain

• Short hospital stay (usually 1 day)

• Quick recovery and return to normal routine

• High success rate with precise stone removal

• Suitable for high-risk patients (diabetics, obese, cardiac patients)

Recovery & Aftercare

• Mild burning or discomfort may occur for 1–2 days.

• Drink plenty of water to flush out residual fragments.

• Avoid strenuous activity for a few days.

• Follow-up visit for stent removal after 1–2 weeks.

• Periodic ultrasound or CT scan may be advised to ensure complete clearance.

FAQs About RIRS with Laser Stone Removal

1. Is RIRS painful?
No. The procedure is performed under anesthesia, so patients feel no pain. Mild discomfort after surgery can be managed with medication.

2. How soon can I resume normal activities?
Most patients return to daily activities within 2–3 days after surgery.

3. Will I need hospitalization?
RIRS usually requires a short hospital stay (24 hours) or may even be done as a day-care procedure.

4. Can kidney stones recur after RIRS?
If lifestyle and diet changes are not maintained, stones can form again. Regular hydration and follow-up prevent recurrence.

5. Is RIRS safe for both men and women?
Yes. It’s a safe and effective option for both male and female patients, including those with complex stone conditions.